%0 Articles %T Osapuolten välinen yhteistyö yksityismetsien suunnittelussa %A Tikkanen, Jukka %D 2006 %J Dissertationes Forestales %V 2006 %N 26 %R doi:10.14214/df.26 %U http://dissertationesforestales.fi/article/1813 %X The study includes seven articles. The aim is to describe the regional co-operation network and co-operation practices with stakeholders and forest owners in forest planning processes. The study focuses on the regional forestry programme process and regional forest management planning, which also produces the majority of holding-level forest management plans in Finland. The research methods applied include quantitative survey, formal network analysis, qualitative content analysis, and cognitive mapping. Quantitative results were synthesised using multi dimensional scaling, principal component and clustering analysis. Advocacy orientation was found to be a distinctive feature of the forestry network of Finland’s northern Forest Centres. Theese non-industrial-private-forestry-oriented organizations played the foremost role in the network, and they shared the same opinions about forestry. Environmental organizations, on the other hand, were not involved in the regional forestry programme process in the way they wanted to be involved. This was the case despite a lot effort having been put into the participative policy process as part of the regional forestry programme. The planners taking part in regional forest planning mainly followed the information exchange and marketing oriented co-operation, while having regular contacts almost only with local forest management associations and forest-industry companies. When management plans were constructed for non-industrial private forest owners, the degree of interaction between forest owners and planners varied a lot depending on the forest owners’ interests and the practical constraints that the planners had in implementing interaction. Three types of forest owners were found according to their interaction with the forest planner: multi-objective-learners, multi-objective influential, and economically oriented trusters. The results call for a problem analysis phase to be developed at the beginning of the planning process for adapting the planning process for the owner-specific starting-points. Some suggestions for developing forest management planning are also presented. The regional forest programme process could follow the principles of collaborative and open participation. In future, more attention should be put on the timing, legitimisation, representativeness, and decision-making procedures of the processes. The co-operation procedures applied in regional forest management planning could focus on information guidance, be situation dependent, and be agreed upon with forest owners. Thus, the main development needs involve dealing with clarification of the roles of society-driven regional data collection and estate specific management planning, and consciousness about optional co-operation needs and procedures.